Have you ever wondered while using WhatsApp how this message travels over the network? You might have noticed that even if you and your friends are miles away, it only takes a fraction of a second to transfer the messages. Also, when you search for something in your browser, even though the server is not present in your location, it transmits the data from the server to you within a few seconds. The reason behind this is two protocols: OSI and TCP/IP. Let’s deep dive into the essential skill required to understand the core concept of networking.
What is the OSI Model?
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a set of rules that define how different computer systems will communicate over a network. It was introduced by ISO (International Organization for Standardization). In the OSI model, the entire networking is divided into 7 layers, and each layer has its own responsibilities.
7 Layers of the OSI Model
Physical Layer
- It is the lowest layer of the OSI model that uses physical hardware such as cables, switches, electrical signals, and wireless transmission. It contains information in the form of bits and establishes a connection between two physical devices.
- Common physical layer devices are a Hub, a Repeater, a Modem, and Cables
- Protocols: Ethernet, USB, Bluetooth.
Data Link Layer
- This layer ensures that the data can be transferred over the physical layer from one node to another. It is responsible for the node-to-node delivery of the message.
- Sublayers of data link layer: Logical Link Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC)
- Protocols: ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), PPP.
Network Layer
- The Network Layer is responsible for the transmission of data from one host to another located in a different location. It also takes care of the packet routing (selection of the shortest path to transit the packets from the available routes).
- The network layer is implemented by networking devices such as routers and switches.
- Protocols: IP (Internet Protocol), ICMP.
Transport Layer
- The transport layer is responsible for the end-to-end delivery of the complete network. It provides services to the application layer and takes services from the network layer. In the transport layer, the data is referred to as a segment.
- Protocols: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), UDP (User Datagram Protocol), PPTP.
Session Layer
- The session layer is responsible for the establishment and management of connections, as well as the termination of sessions between two devices. It offers authentication and security.
- Protocols: NetBIOS, PPTP.
Presentation Layer
- This layer extracts the data from the application layer and manipulates it as per the required format over the network. Presentation layer is also referred to as the Translation Layer.
- Protocols: TLS/SSL (Transport Layer Security/ Secure Socket Layer).
Application Layer
- The application layer provides an interface for data transmission between the end-user application and the network.
- Protocols: SMTP, FTP, DNS.
Functions of TCP/IP Model
- Provides the foundation for the Internet.
- Ensures smooth communication across different networks.
- Focuses on real-world usability instead of theoretical learning.
- Manages both addressing (IP) and error handling (TCP).
Viewsoft Academy: The Next Step to Learning
If you want to get into the world of IT, networking, or cybersecurity, you have to understand the OSI and TCP/IP models. These complicated subjects are simplified and brought to life at Viewsoft Academy.
For the US Graduate student: Our online certifications help you in fortifying academic studies, besides putting your theory towards implementation in a real-life project.
As a Working Professional: Modules and Flexible Work Schedule. Choose your own curriculum and work structure without the need to switch jobs.
Enroll now in our course to enhance your skills and get an edge over other applicants. The Viewsoft Academy offers a complete online course with certification in IT Networking and Fundamentals, which will help you take a bigger step in your career. This course could be the game-changer for your life. So, don’t wait for the right time, enroll in our top and premium courses, and get an industry-recognized certification that enhances your resume.
Frequently Asked Questions on Layers of OSI and TCP/IP Models
Question 1. If TCP/IP is widely used in the industry, then why would I need to study the OSI?
Answer: The OSI model is the core of networking. It will build a foundational step of learning about networking concepts, so that you can get a better understanding of further topics as well. It breaks the entire networking into 7 layers, which makes troubleshooting, designing, and understanding protocols easier. OSI model acts as a blueprint, and TCP/IP protocol is the practical implementation, which shows how it works in real-world projects.
Question 2. What are the key differences in the structure of OSI and TCP/IP?
Answer: The OSI model has 7 layers, while TCP/IP has 4 layers. Both protocols are essential for someone who wants to understand how things actually work in networking. The OSI model is conceptual and usually helpful to understand networking and their design efficiently. On the other hand, TCP/IP focuses on practical implementation that powers the internet.
Question 3. Does Viewsoft Academy offer networking certifications? Are they beginner-friendly?
Answer: Yes, Viewsoft Academy offers a networking course named “IT Networking and Fundamentals” along with certification. This comprehensive course offers everything you need to kick-start your career in the related field, or even if you want to upskill. The curriculum is designed by the top industrial experts, with a beginner-friendly explanation, keeping in mind that everyone can understand the concepts easily. Our certifications are designed to meet the industrial requirements that are perfect for both graduates and IT professionals.
Question 4. How do Viewsoft Academy courses help the US graduates, and do they help them to make a career in this field?
Answer: Viewsoft Academy courses are designed to build a foundational step for the learners. The courses offered by Viewsoft Academy are premium, covering everything required to take a graduate from fundamentals to an industry-ready professional. Our courses are designed by top instructors who also have experience working in top companies.
Yes, they help graduates to make a career in the IT field, or even if they are willing to go into the networking field. This course is a one-stop solution for all that covers everything that is required to gain knowledge and have a certification to showcase your skills.
